a aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az

Перевод: attributive

[прилагательное]
атрибутивный; базисный; определительный;
[существительное]
атрибут ; определение
[существительное]

Тезаурус:

1. We shall assume that the syntactic positions for adjectives in English are as below; we give first the intensional pattern of which each is the surface exponent, as well as an example for each, and also an instance which is ungrammatical and where we shall later be able to suggest reasons for the ungrammaticality; in each case we shall underline in the intensional pattern the property which is instantiated by the adjective, merely for clarification and not as an integral part of the notation: P E prenominal attributive position surface syntactic sequence: adjective + noun as in hungry passengers; but note that *asleep kittens is ungrammatical E (P) ordinary predicative position surface syntactic sequence: noun phrase + be + adjective as in the critics were upset; but note that her husband was mere is ungrammatical E P postnominal attributive position surface syntactic sequence: noun phrase + adjective as in the crimes alleged; but note that the road wide is ungrammatical ((P E) P) predicate qualifying position surface syntactic sequence: verb phrase + noun phrase + adjective as in he brought his gun loaded; but note that she uses her mixer lightweight is ungrammatical E (P P) postverbal position surface syntactic sequence: verb phrase + adjective as in the crowd remained angry; but note that his brother resisted obstinate is ungrammatical ((P P) E) adverbal position surface syntactic sequence (usually): verb + noun phrase + adjective as in Ali rubbed the lamp clean; but note that Mark resembles the officer sinister is ungrammatical (P E P) clausal position = surface syntactic sequence: verb + noun phrase (+ be) + adjective as in he considers the prosecution case hopeless but note that Sue reported the prizes aplenty is ungrammatical E P P extraclausal position surface syntactic sequence (usually): adjective + clause as in furious, the king ordered many arrests but note that furious, the king had three wives is ungrammatical As we have said, these are the adjectival positions of English (and possibly of any
2. It is the major reason why there is a discrepancy between the sets of adjectives which can appear in attributive and predicative positions (other reasons appear in later chapters).
3. In the next two sections, we shall draw attention to effects on interpretation and consider informally the basis of the distinction; in 2.4 and 2.5 we look at the grammatical consequences, and in the remainder of the chapter consider why the distinction may sometimes be hard to appreciate and argue that it is nevertheless quite generally available for the attributive adjectival construction.
4. This is the reason why the relationship between an attributive adjective and its noun is not the same as that between a predicative adjective and its noun (and why attempts to relate them systematically in grammar are misguided).
5. Predicative and postnominal attributive adjectives
6. It is no accident that there is a similarity between the diagnostic test, above, and the claim which used to be advanced in transformational grammar to the effect that an attributive adjective incorporated in a noun phrase is derived from some such structure as: (6) the N present BE ADJ This proposal was questioned quite early in the development of transformational grammar (see Berman, 1974), and a major reason for this was precisely the fact that too many phrases with attributive adjectives were discovered where the derivation does not seem to be usable; as we shall see later, there are other reasons why such a derivation may not work, apart from the issue discussed here.
7. The adjective in predicative position, which is introduced to be added to an already identified subject thus has an altogether different function from that of the prenominal attributive adjective which appears in order to play its part in the identification of an entity.
8. See under pronoun: possessive pronoun attributive See under adjunct: attributive adjunct.
9. Second, there will be a border area where the two interpretations merge, in the sense that certain particular values for adjective and noun meanings, when joined in an attributive combination, will under either interpretation always correspond to identical external situations; hence even highly sophisticated investigators might be hard put to it to tell whether a given adjective is simply applicable to X or has as its value having the property of being-related-to-X.
10. When a quotation is followed by an attributive phrase, the comma is placed within the quotation marks.
11. The construction is, of course, that of the ordinary attributive adjective, the adjective which is the exponent in observable syntax of the subordinate property in the intensional structure: The essentials of the notation, for any who have taken the option of arriving at this point direct from the beginning of Section 1.2, are as follows: The basic elements in constructing linguistic expressions are assumed to be two: E = entity notion; and P = property notion The basic relations have these symbols: = = equation; = qualification = assignment The direction of the arrow and the arrowhead indicates which is the major and which the subordinate item in the formula; it does not refer to order of appearance in surface form.
12. Descriptive of a word or phrase used as an adjective before a noun, eg in a red rose, red is attributive; in the rose is red it is not.
13. Parallel to the division of adjunct, we may divide sub-clauses into attributive clauses, predicative clauses and adverbial clauses.