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Перевод: phytoplankton

фитопланктон

Тезаурус:

1. By mid-summer the phytoplankton begins to fail.
2. And the total quantity of phytoplankton is enormous; so much, that it produces 80 per cent of all the oxygen of the atmosphere.
3. Minerals well up from the depths as the ocean strikes the land, which phytoplankton use as nutrients, and vast shoals of anchovies (anchoveta) live on the plankton, to provide one of the richest fisheries in the world.
4. Recent work published in Science (1992, 255 , 952) shows that during the south polar spring of 1990 there was a 6-;12 per cent reduction in photosynthesis by phytoplankton as the ozone layer thinned: such inhibition is an effect of UVB radiation.
5. The phytoplankton provides, and then is consumed.
6. The plants are the phytoplankton , and the floating animals are the zooplankton .
7. Thus the crop of phytoplankton is low and the characteristic planktonic plants known as desmids are poor in variety.
8. In an experiment carried out at Palmer Station on the Antarctic Peninsula in 1989, microscopic floating ocean plants (phytoplankton) were taken from the nearby bay and brought into the laboratory, where they were subjected to levels of ultra-violet radiation estimated to be equivalent to the amount of ultra-violet being transmitted through the ozone hole which has been developing in Antarctica each spring in recent years.
9. Most of the animals in the sea either feed directly upon the diatoms and flagellates of the phytoplankton, or feed upon creatures that have fed upon that phytoplankton.
10. For example, the ocean's euphotic zone - the depth to which light penetrates sufficiently for phytoplankton to photosynthesise - can reach 100 metres.
11. In spring, when the Sun begins to shine, the phytoplankton is able to make use of the newly available nutrients, and flourishes.
12. This would be all very well, if the plants of the phytoplankton could make do entirely on solar energy, which at least in the tropics is abundant all year round, and on carbon dioxide, which is always available in solution.
13. They appear in vast numbers in the Antarctic Ocean particularly in summer (they depend for food upon the blooms of phytoplankton) and it is then that whales like the blue migrate towards the pole to feed.