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Перевод: tectonics

[существительное]
тектоника

Тезаурус:

1. Thus the evidence so far available, though far from complete, supports the hypothesis that Variscan tectonics under parts of southern England are of the thin-skinned variety.
2. Apart from its intrinsic interest, Plate Tectonics is also an excellent example of how many major scientific advances are made: the starting point is a bright idea in the mind of some unusually-gifted scientist, an intuitive feeling probably based on thoroughly shaky evidence rather than some great intellectual tour de force.
3. The continents are where they are and have the mountains they have because of the action of the Earth itself; the eruption of volcanoes and the shifting of plates of the Earth's crust (plate tectonics).
4. It was mentioned in chapter one that the rocks making up the Earth's mantle show the same kind of behaviour - on a short time-scale, they are rigid (" solid") enough to transmit shock waves from earthquakes, but on a much longer time-scale, they can "flow", and accommodate the convection movements which are believed to provide the driving mechanisms behind Plate Tectonics.
5. But plate tectonics they say, can not explain the immense diversity of land formation and exotic arrangement of rock in western North America.
6. Variscan tectonics on both sides of the Atlantic have recently been discussed in Hutton and Sanderson (1984); for a more general introduction to the geology of Western Europe see Ziegler (1981).
7. Turning briefly to Plate Tectonics, studies of pyroclastic deposits can contribute much useful information.
8. Glennie and Boegner (1981) discussed Sole Pit inversion tectonics in some detail and using Marie's method gave an estimate of 1500 m uplift in the deeper parts of the Sole Pit.
9. It would probably be unfair to single out a single worker as the "discoverer" of Plate Tectonics, but the term "plates" was first used by an American, W. Jason Morgan, who was following up earlier work by J. Tuzo Wilson of Toronto University.
10. Many scientists saw at once its far-reaching implications and a whole spate of major papers were published in 1967 and 1968, which quite suddenly added up together to make a completely new way of looking at the Earth's main working parts: Plate Tectonics.
11. The essential unity of the stratigraphy and tectonics of the Palaeozoic on opposite sides of the North Atlantic was pointed out by Bailey (1929), and developed in two important papers by Waterschoot van der Gracht in 1938 (a and b) which anticipated many of the conclusions of plate tectonics, and charted the course of the Variscan Front under southern Britain and Ireland.
12. ONE OF the doughty pack leaders to emerge in the late 1940's from the Manchester scrum of "palaeomagnetists" was S, Keith Runcorn - a former Cambridge engineer with an almost unhealthy liking for the rough and tumble of the rugby field, Keith Runcorn is now professor of physics, and geophysics supremo, at the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne - and incidentally the president of the university's rugby club, To honour Runcorn's reaching the age of 60, the university organised earlier this month a three-day conference on "Magnetism, planetary rotation and convection in the Solar System", Since the Second World War, geology has undergone conceptual upheavals as never before, The apparently ludicrous ideas proposed by Alfred Wegener in the 1920s, that the Earth's continents were drifting around, have found solid ground, The evidence came from physicists inspired by wartime work on radar, by cosmic-ray research and the discovery that some rotating stars have a magnetic field, The physicists set themselves the task of measuring whether rotating bodies on Earth also produce magnetic fields, The eminent Patrick Maynard Blackett devised a highly sensitive magnetometer for this work, but finding that a spinning gold cylinder produced no magnetic field, turned his machine to measuring rock magnetism, A school of expertise concerned with "fossilised magnetism" developed around him at Manchester and later at Imperial College, London, The fruits of such work inspired a reappraisal of continental drift and new theories to explain the mechanisms responsible for moving the continents, and later produced the foundations on which were forged the unifying concepts of plate tectonics and seafloor spreading, Runcorn applies an enormous enthusiasm to all that he takes on - as many past students and editors of various science journals can testify, His first notoriety came with his attempts to determine whether the Earth's general magnetic field was related to the planet's rotation, or related to some deep-seated phenomenon, To determine this he took his magnetometer down some of the deep Lancashire coal pits.
13. Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics