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Перевод: aphasia

[существительное]
потеря речи; афазия

Тезаурус:

1. Thus a left sided lesion in association with aphasia implies (at least some degree of) left hemisphere speech control.
2. The incidence of aphasia from right sided lesions in right handers among unselected series of patients is closer to 1 per cent than to 4 per cent (Levy, 1974a).
3. Similarly, the absence of aphasia following an appropriately localised right sided lesion also implies left sided speech.
4. In contrast to the view that consistent left handers would become aphasic only with right sided lesions, Humphrey and Zangwill predicted that aphasia would occur from damage to either hemisphere, This expectation was confirmed, although there was a tendency for damage to the left hemisphere to result in more severe speech disturbances.
5. The idea that language might be localised came from the studies of Broca (1861), who was the first to observe that aphasia arises as a result of unilateral left hemisphere lesion while no similar effect occurred with right hemisphere lesions.
6. As the effects of right sided damage are likely to be less immediately troublesome than comparable damage on the left, which frequently causes some degree of aphasia, naturally occurring left hemisphere lesions may well lead the patient to seek medical advice earlier in the disease process than would equal damage at the right side of the brain.
7. With regard to right handers, Levy quotes a personal communication from Bogen to the effect that only two cases of aphasia in association with left hemiplegia occurred in 600 consecutive cases of stroke-induced aphasia, giving an estimate of 0.33 per cent right sided speech representation in right handers.
8. Firstly, an elder may display verbal consciousness for most of her or his day-to-day conduct, even if sometimes haltingly or with verbal expression impaired by physical conditions such as aphasia.
9. With stimulation of corresponding regions of cortex in the right hemisphere only one out of 14 right handers showed any effect of stimulation and none showed post-operative aphasia.
10. Thus the mean frequency of aphasia for left handers was almost twice as great among left handers as right handers.
11. This is due probably to the fact that people suffering from aphasia are more likely to come to the attention of a neurologist than individuals suffering from certain kinds of right hemisphere damage which may pass unnoticed by the individual himself such that he does not seek medical attention or is not referred for neurological investigation.
12. He tabulates data from 12 published studies which show the frequency of aphasia after left and right sided lesions.