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Перевод: cowpox

[существительное]
коровья оспа

Тезаурус:

1. WITH the eradication of smallpox by WHO's successful vaccination campaign, it may have seemed that vaccinia, the cowpox virus that is the basis for the vaccine and which gave vaccination its name, might at last be ready to bow out from its central role in world medicine.
2. We now know that the viruses of vaccinia (cowpox) and of variola (smallpox) are antigenically similar.
3. Jenner had begun to make use of cowpox for human vaccination in 1798, but it would be a few years before its use was widespread, and 1840 before it was available free.
4. Interest in the prophylactic powers of cowpox virus was now growing and in May 1796 Edward Jenner q.v. began his series of vaccination experiments.
5. It was known in the dairy-farming areas of south-west England that milkmaids, and others who contracted the relatively mild and non-infectious disease of cowpox through handling udders of infected cows, obtained immunity from smallpox, and in 1765 the Medical Society of London received from a Dr Fewster a paper on "Cow Pox and its Ability to prevent Smallpox".
6. Edward Jenner was himself a keen inoculator, but he was impressed by the apparently safer prophylactic effects of the mild natural disease of cowpox; a zoonosis often caught by milkmaids which apparently protected them from smallpox, as he demonstrated in his paper of 1798.
7. Making a hepatitis vaccine from cowpox virus
8. Thus took place the earliest known vaccinations, although the treatment was thought of as inoculation with cowpox until the term vaccination (from the Latin vacca for cow) was coined in 1802.
9. Jesty's servants Ann Notley and Mary Reade, who, like him, had been infected with cowpox, had nursed smallpox patients without themselves catching the disease.
10. Worried for his family's safety in the epidemic, Jesty resolved to provide immunity by giving his wife and two elder sons cowpox.