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Перевод: determinism

[существительное]
детерминизм

Тезаурус:

1. A dualism of spirit and matter, mind and body, was joined with a powerful determinism or predestinarianism: the Gnostics (or "people in the know") are the elect, their souls fragments of the divine, needing liberation from matter and the power of the planets.
2. As it stands, this claim will be of no explanatory interest if the relevant descriptions of events are trivial in the light of our projects and concerns, and a persuasive conception of determinism must therefore include some method of selecting from among the multifarious possible descriptions of events those that are considered to be significant.
3. The first allows political realities to be brought about by defining them in the mind first and then applying perception to reality; the second leads to the belief in supra-personal historical processes, Hegelian determinism and Marx.
4. Other features of Gnosticism especially objectionable to orthodox teachers were the radical dualism of spirit and matter, the determinism which assured a small elect minority of salvation with everyone else being predestined to annihilation, perhaps worse, and the tendency to merge myths and cults, incorporating a few Christian elements with adaptations of Mithraism, astrology, magical spells, and anything else lying to hand.
5. First, if holism and individualism are to be distinct, causation and autonomy must be mutually exclusive categories: if the autonomous character of action is to stand in the way of the truth of determinism, actions cannot at the same time be caused.
6. The potentially damaging essentialism and determinism of this approach is deflected by an argument that there is no inevitability in these forms.
7. And although it may smack of determinism, there will be certain laws that if a brick or apple is dropped, they will fall to the ground, the latter getting bruised.
8. And the assimilation of holism to determinism leaves holists in an equally unpalatable position.
9. In British and American anthropology, such issues were rarely dealt with directly, but were linked to four main theoretical approaches: cultural relativism, legal and political anthropology, the study of ritual, and bio-ecological determinism.
10. I shall argue later that this contradiction between mechanistic determinism and free will is a misunderstanding.
11. Similarly, although Epicurus (342-;270 BC) unlike Aristotle accepted Democritus' atomism, he too rejected Democritus' belief in the strict determinism of all human actions.
12. For somewhat like Althusser, Foucault defends a "discursive determinism" which looks to a wide range of institutions and academic disciplines as the determinants of conceptions of agency.
13. Since this formulation of determinism cannot help us, perhaps we shall do better to concentrate, as a number of theorists have done, on a different one: the claim that every event has a cause.