p pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pk pl pm pn po pp pr ps pt pu pv pw px py

Перевод: peonage

[существительное]
подневольный труд пеонов; кабала ; батрачество
[существительное]

Тезаурус:

1. The word is peonage - a vicious system of forced labour, common in many parts of Latin America, Asia and even in the southern US.
2. The growth of private estates increased the burdens for the Christian peasants of the raya and, increasingly during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, protests against the extortion and virtual peonage which the iftlik system imposed on them provided fuel for the fires of peasant revolts.
3. By means of the co-operatives patients who had previously been subject to institutional peonage - payment of token wages in exchange for hospital work - have been able to earn wages comparable with those in the wider economy.
4. The plight of non-Western nations whose economies are dependent on cash crops such as sugar, is identical to the position of the victims of peonage.